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Issues: Relief under section 633 of the Companies Act, 1956 for liability arising from defaults and breaches committed by the company.
In this judgment, the petitioner, a solicitor and director of a company, sought relief under section 633 of the Companies Act, 1956, from liability due to defaults and breaches committed by the company during his tenure. The petitioner claimed that he ceased to be a director since November 26, 1974, and had not actively participated in the management of the company, acting solely as a legal adviser. The authorities opposed the application, arguing that as a director, the petitioner was liable for the company's defaults, and if he acted honestly, he could be discharged from liability in appropriate proceedings. The court was tasked with determining whether the petitioner could be excused from liability under section 633(2) of the Act for defaults and breaches of the company. The court analyzed section 633 of the Act, which allows relief if the officer, though technically guilty, acted honestly and reasonably, and circumstances warrant excusal. The objective is to prevent undue hardship and provide relief to deserving individuals. The court noted that directors are expected to exercise control over the company's affairs, but many, especially those with specialized skills or representing special interests, may not actively manage the company. The court emphasized the need to distinguish between directors actively controlling management and those with limited involvement. It highlighted the positive impact of independent directors on company management and the limitations they face in exercising effective control. The court suggested a need for legislative action to widen accountability and relieve certain directors from liability. Judicial moderation in applying section 633 was deemed necessary to prevent harassment of directors not directly involved in defaults. Ultimately, the court considered the petitioner's role as a director and his lack of active involvement in the company's management or financial stakes. Given these circumstances, the court decided to relieve the petitioner of liability arising from breaches and defaults of the company. No costs were awarded in the case. This judgment provides valuable insights into the responsibilities and liabilities of company directors, the importance of distinguishing between different types of directors, and the need for legislative and judicial balance in holding directors accountable for company defaults and breaches.
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