Joint and Several - Indian Laws - General

Term Joint and Several As per Jowitt s Dictionary of English Law wherein the term Joint and Several has been explained as under: Joint and several. An obligation entered into by two or more persons is joint and several when each is liable severally and all are liable jointly. A liability may be imposed, whether by statute, contract or otherwise, on two or more persons jointly and severally; in which case, again, each is liable severally and all are liable jointly. For judicial and statutory constructions and definitions in different contexts see Stroud s Judicial Dictionary . Same term has been explained in Black Law Dictionary as under: Joint and several, (Of liability, responsibility, etc.) apportionable at an adversary s discretion either among two or more parties or to only one or a few select members of the group; together and in separation. The term Joint and Several liability has been explained in Advanced Law Lexicon as under: Joint and several liability. A liability is said to be joint and several when the creditor may sue one or more of the parties to such liability separately or all of them together at his option MAHINDRA MAHINDRA FINANCIAL SERVICES LTD. VERSUS STATE OF U.P. AND ORS. - 2019 (12) TMI 1579 - ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT