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Issues:
1. Whether the funds and deposits collected by the assessee out of sugarcane price payable to the cane growers are trading receipts? 2. Whether the deposits on account of education fund, flood relief fund, famine relief fund, and natural calamities fund are taxable as income of the assessee? Analysis: 1. The assessment orders for the years 1988-89 and 1989-90 involved additions made by the Assessing Officer in respect of funds and deposits collected by the respondents out of sugarcane price payable to the cane growers during trading operations. The Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) allowed the appeals, which were confirmed by the Tribunal. The substantial question of law raised was whether these funds and deposits are trading receipts. The court referred to the case law and held that certain deductions were diverted to the State Government at source by overriding title, making them not assessable as income of the assessee. The court concluded that the funds collected did not constitute part of the income of the assessee, as they were diverted to the State Government. The appeals were dismissed based on these findings. 2. The court considered whether deposits on account of education fund, flood relief fund, famine relief fund, and natural calamities fund are taxable as income. The court applied the principles of diversion of income by overriding title and held that these deductions also amounted to diversion of income. The court found that the Karkhana acted as an agent for the State Government/authorities, and the deductions did not form part of the income of the Karkhana. Therefore, the court held that these deductions were not trading receipts in the hands of the assessee. However, regarding non-refundable deposits (NRD) and interest thereon, the court held that they constituted trading receipts of the assessee based on previous judgments. The appeals were partly allowed in favor of the Revenue concerning NRD and interest on NRD, but dismissed in relation to other deductions.
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