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Issues:
1. Imposition of penalty under section 271B of the Income-tax Act for failure to file audit reports in time. 2. Interpretation of reasonable cause under section 273B of the Act in relation to penalty imposition. Analysis: 1. The judgment pertains to tax case appeals against the order of the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal regarding penalty imposition under section 271B of the Income-tax Act for not filing audit reports on time. The appellant, the Revenue, imposed penalties for the assessment years 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99, alleging that the audit reports were not filed along with the necessary forms. The appellant contended that the audit reports were prepared much later, leading to the conclusion that the reports were reduced to a mere formality. The assessee explained that the delay was due to the non-receipt of audit reports from its branch office in the USA, and the completed reports were filed subsequently. The Tribunal reversed the penalty, prompting the Revenue to challenge the decision by raising a substantial question of law on whether the penalty under section 271B should be deleted. 2. The court examined the provisions of sections 271B and 273B of the Act concerning penalty imposition and reasonable cause. Section 273B provides that no penalty shall be imposed if there was a reasonable cause for the failure to comply with the statutory requirements. The court emphasized the importance of reasonableness in administrative law and discussed various legal precedents defining "reasonable cause." It highlighted that the reasonableness of the cause must be assessed based on whether the delay was due to genuine reasons or deliberate default. The court cited cases such as Azadi Bachao Andolan v. Union of India, Woodward Governor India P. Ltd. v. CIT, and Kalakrithi v. ITO to illustrate the concept of reasonable cause in tax law. 3. Applying the principles of reasonableness, the court found that the assessee's explanation for the delay in filing audit reports was valid. The court noted that the delay was due to the non-receipt of audit reports from the branch office in the USA, and there was no evidence of deliberate or mala fide intention on the part of the assessee. As the delay did not result in any loss to the Revenue and was technical in nature, the court held that the explanation provided by the assessee was bona fide and reasonable. Consequently, the court dismissed the tax case appeals, as no question of law requiring consideration was found. The connected T.C.M.Ps. were also dismissed accordingly.
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