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Issues:
1. Interpretation of tax law regarding the taxation of royalty on export sales receipts and receipts for expert visits. 2. Entitlement to deduction while computing income from royalty on local sales. Analysis: The case involved tax case petitions filed by the Commissioner of Income-tax, Tamil Nadu-V, Madras, seeking a direction for the Tribunal to state a case and refer common legal questions for the court's opinion. The primary issues revolved around the taxation of royalty on export sales receipts and expert visit receipts, as well as the entitlement to a deduction in computing income from royalty on local sales. The assessee, Combustion Engineering Inc., USA, through agent Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Tiruchirappalli, was the common party in all actions. In Tax Cases Petitions related to different assessment years, the collaboration agreements were signed on specific dates, with subsequent renewals for further periods. The agreements were approved by the Government of India and deemed to have come into existence on the respective signing dates. The key legal provision under scrutiny was section 9(1)(vii) of the Income-tax Act, which dealt with income by way of fees for technical services. The agreements in question were approved before April 1, 1976, as required by the Act's proviso. The Tribunal, based on factual findings, concluded that the assessee was entitled to exemption from fees for technical services as per the provisions of the Act. Regarding the deduction for royalty on local sales, the Tribunal directed a 20% deduction for expenses related to know-how, designs, and information already available to the assessee. The Tribunal's decisions on both questions were upheld, with the court agreeing that the questions were not referable questions of law. In conclusion, the court dismissed all tax case petitions, affirming the Tribunal's decisions on the tax treatment of royalty and entitlement to deductions. No costs were awarded in the cases.
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