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Issues:
1. Interpretation of section 80J of the Income-tax Act, 1961 regarding deduction for the capital employed in an industrial undertaking. 2. Whether relief under section 80J should be allowed for the whole year or on a pro-rata basis for the period of productive operation. Detailed Analysis: The High Court of PUNJAB AND HARYANA addressed the issue of interpreting section 80J of the Income-tax Act, 1961 in a case where the capital employed in an industrial undertaking remained for only nine months during the relevant assessment year 1978-79. The assessee, a company engaged in manufacturing and sale of powered mopeds, claimed relief under section 80J for the entire year based on the capital employed. The Assessing Officer allowed relief on a pro-rata basis for nine months, but the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) ruled in favor of the assessee for the full year. The Tribunal upheld the Commissioner's decision, emphasizing that the relief should be granted for the entire year and not pro-rata for the period of operation. The Court referred to previous judgments by the Madras and Karnataka High Courts, which held that relief under section 80J should be granted for the entire year, irrespective of the period of operation of the industrial undertaking. The Karnataka High Court specifically stated that pro-rating depends on the context in which terms like 'per annum' are used, and in the case of section 80J, the relief is available for the full period of five years, including the year of commencement of manufacturing operations. The Court highlighted that the relief is linked not only to production commencement but also to the capital employed, thus precluding pro-rating based on the period of productive operation. The Revenue accepted the views of the Madras and Karnataka High Courts, as evidenced by Circular No. 378, which confirmed that deduction under section 80J should not be reduced proportionately based on the period of non-operation during the relevant previous year. Consequently, the High Court held that the assessee was entitled to deduction under section 80J for the entire year and not on a pro-rata basis for nine months. The judgment favored the assessee, and no costs were awarded in the case.
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