1991 (9) TMI 345 - SC - Indian Laws

Summary

Issues Involved:
1. Validity of the second proviso to Rule 4 of the Civil Services Examination Rules, 1986.
2. Whether the second proviso to Rule 4 travels beyond the intent of the main rule.
3. Validity of the proviso to Rule 17 of the Civil Services Examination Rules.
4. Whether the second proviso to Rule 4 is ultra-vires to clause (iii-a) of Regulation 4 of the Indian Administrative Service (Appointment by Competitive Examination) Regulations, 1955.
5. Whether the second proviso is arbitrary and irrational.
6. Discrimination between Group 'A' and Group 'B' services.
7. Impact on Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes candidates.
8. Rational nexus of the proviso with the object of recruitment.
9. Violation of Articles 14 and 16 of the Constitution of India.

Summary:

Issue 1: Validity of the second proviso to Rule 4 of the Civil Services Examination Rules, 1986
The Tribunal upheld the validity of the second proviso to Rule 4 of the Civil Services Examination Rules, 1986, stating that it is not hit by Articles 14 and 16 of the Constitution of India. The Supreme Court confirmed this, emphasizing that the proviso is legally and constitutionally valid.

Issue 2: Whether the second proviso to Rule 4 travels beyond the intent of the main rule
The Supreme Court held that the second proviso does not travel beyond the intent of the main rule, Rule 4, and is not ultra-vires Regulation 4 (iii-a) of the IAS (Appointment by Competitive Examination) Regulations, 1955.

Issue 3: Validity of the proviso to Rule 17 of the Civil Services Examination Rules
The Tribunal and the Supreme Court both upheld the validity of Rule 17, stating that it is not invalid and does not impose unjustifiable restrictions on candidates.

Issue 4: Whether the second proviso to Rule 4 is ultra-vires to clause (iii-a) of Regulation 4 of the Indian Administrative Service (Appointment by Competitive Examination) Regulations, 1955
The Supreme Court concluded that the second proviso to Rule 4 is not ultra-vires to clause (iii-a) of Regulation 4 of the IAS Regulations, 1955, and does not make otherwise eligible candidates ineligible.

Issue 5: Whether the second proviso is arbitrary and irrational
The Supreme Court found that the second proviso is neither arbitrary nor irrational and has a dynamic and rational nexus with the object to be achieved, which is to ensure that candidates take their probationary training seriously and do not neglect it to prepare for subsequent examinations.

Issue 6: Discrimination between Group 'A' and Group 'B' services
The Tribunal and the Supreme Court both rejected the argument of discrimination between Group 'A' and Group 'B' services. The Supreme Court emphasized that the classification is based on intelligible differentia and has a rational nexus with the object sought to be achieved.

Issue 7: Impact on Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes candidates
The Supreme Court held that the second proviso applies equally to all candidates, including those belonging to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, and does not violate their constitutional rights.

Issue 8: Rational nexus of the proviso with the object of recruitment
The Supreme Court found that there is a rational nexus between the second proviso and the object of recruitment, which is to ensure the effectiveness and seriousness of the probationary training.

Issue 9: Violation of Articles 14 and 16 of the Constitution of India
The Supreme Court concluded that the second proviso does not violate Articles 14 and 16 of the Constitution of India, as it is based on reasonable classification and has a rational nexus with the object sought to be achieved.

Conclusion:
The Supreme Court upheld the validity of the second proviso to Rule 4 of the Civil Services Examination Rules, 1986, and confirmed the judgments of the Tribunal, subject to specific directions regarding the candidates who appeared for the Civil Services (Main) Examination, 1990. The appeals were dismissed accordingly.