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Issues:
1. Classification of regeneration expenditure as capital or revenue expenditure under the Income-tax Act, 1961. Analysis: The judgment delivered by the High Court of GAUHATI involved a reference under section 256(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, regarding the classification of regeneration expenditure incurred by the assessee, a Government undertaking, as capital or revenue expenditure. The assessee, engaged in forestry activities, had leased forest land for plantation purposes and incurred expenses for replanting trees as per the lease agreement. The Assessing Officer disallowed a portion of the regeneration expenses, considering them as capital expenditure. The Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) upheld this decision, stating that if the expenditure was revenue in nature, it should have reflected in closing stock, which was not the case. Subsequently, the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal also ruled in favor of treating the expenditure as capital, based on the enduring benefit principle. The High Court, after considering arguments from both sides, held that for the assessee in this case, the expenditure on replantation should be treated as revenue expenditure, as the fruits of replantation would not be enjoyed by the assessee. Therefore, the court answered the reference question in the negative, in favor of the assessee and against the Revenue, directing the transmission of the judgment to the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal, Guwahati for further action.
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