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Issues involved: Appeal challenging Tribunal's cancellation of interest demand u/s 234B(3) of Income Tax Act in reassessment proceedings completed u/s 154.
Summary: 1. The appeal was filed by Revenue challenging Tribunal's cancellation of interest demand u/s 234B(3) in reassessment proceedings completed u/s 154. The Assessing Officer found no interest liability u/s 234B(1) in original assessment under Section 143(1) and regular assessment under Section 143(3) due to over 90% advance tax payment. However, reassessment u/s 147 led to additional tax demand, prompting interest levy u/s 234B(3) in rectification u/s 154. Tribunal held interest u/s 234B(3) can be levied only if interest was originally levied u/s 234B(1). The main issue is the interpretation of Section 234B(3) regarding the levy of interest. 2. The Tribunal's interpretation was that interest u/s 234B(3) is attracted only if interest was levied u/s 234B(1) in the original assessment. However, the Revenue argued that interest u/s 234B(3) is applicable regardless of interest levy u/s 234B(1) in regular assessment. The Court held that interest under Section 234B is levied in stages based on advance tax shortfall. Interest u/s 234B(1) is for shortfall till regular assessment, and u/s 234B(3) is for further shortfall in reassessment. The Court clarified that interest u/s 234B(3) can be levied even if no interest was demanded u/s 234B(1) in the original assessment. 3. Regarding the Assessing Officer's authority to levy interest u/s 234B(3) in rectification u/s 154, the Court held that omission in reassessment u/s 147 makes it defective, allowing rectification u/s 154 for interest levy u/s 234B(3). The Court allowed the appeal, restoring the interest levy u/s 234B(3) but directed that interest should be calculated only on the shortfall of advance tax paid, not on the entire balance demand raised in reassessment. Any errors in interest calculation should be corrected by the officer accordingly.
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