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1. Role of the State in the appointment of a teacher at a State-aided educational institution. Analysis: The judgment revolves around the State's involvement in appointing teachers at State-aided educational institutions. The case stemmed from the West Bengal College Teachers (Security of Service) Act, 1975, and the West Bengal College Service Commission Act, 1978, which established the College Service Commission responsible for selecting teachers. The petitioners, a religious minority, challenged this procedure, claiming the right to appoint teachers themselves. The respondents argued that State funding obligated them to maintain educational standards uniformly. The key issue was whether the State's appointment of teachers through the College Service Commission was a reasonable restriction in the public interest. The court emphasized that while aided institutions must meet certain standards, they cannot be treated as government-owned. The State has the power to regulate teacher selection and appointment criteria but not interfere with day-to-day administration. The judgment referenced the T.M.A. Pai case, highlighting that aided institutions have less autonomy than unaided ones. The State can set conditions for aid, including regulating teacher selection and appointment based on qualifications like NET/SLET. The court rejected the State's argument that the College Service Commission ensured equal education standards, noting that NET/SLET already maintained teaching quality. State funding alone cannot justify imposing additional restrictions. The court directed the State to align its laws with the principles outlined in the T.M.A. Pai case without delving into the specifics of the current rules' validity. In conclusion, the court allowed the petitions, emphasizing that the State must adhere to the legal principles established in the T.M.A. Pai case regarding aided educational institutions. Until the State amends its laws accordingly, interim orders from the court will remain in effect. The judgment underscores the importance of balancing State regulation with institutional autonomy in maintaining educational standards at aided institutions.
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