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Interpretation of section 23(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 regarding the calculation of annual value of a property and the applicability of its first and second provisos. Detailed Analysis: The case involved a dispute regarding the calculation of the annual value of a property under section 23(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, specifically concerning the first and second provisos of the section. The assessee company, which had constructed houses for its employees in Kerala, contested the Income-tax Officer's computation of the annual value. The Officer calculated the annual value based on the main provisions of section 23(1) and allowed a deduction under the second proviso, resulting in a net annual value. The assessee argued that the deduction for repairs should be based on the original annual value, not the reduced amount. The Appellate Assistant Commissioner upheld the Income-tax Officer's decision, but the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal disagreed, holding that the annual value should be determined only under section 23(1) and its first proviso, excluding the second proviso. The court examined the relevant provisions of section 23 of the Act to understand the basis for determining the annual value of a property. It noted that the annual value is the sum for which the property might reasonably be expected to let from year to year, as per section 23(1). The first proviso allows deductions for taxes payable by the owner in case the property is occupied by a tenant. The second proviso provides deductions for new residential units for a specific period but does not specify that this deduction should be considered in calculating the annual value. The court emphasized that the annual value should be determined under section 23(1) with its first proviso, and any further deductions are allowed separately under the second proviso. Regarding section 24(1)(i) of the Act, which allows deductions for repairs, the court opined that the allowance for repairs should be based on the annual value determined under the first proviso of section 23(1) as a whole, rather than after making statutory deductions. It concluded that the view taken by the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal was correct, and the reference question was answered affirmatively. The court ruled that each party should bear its own costs in the case.
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