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Issues:
1. Claim for deduction under Section 10(2)(vii) for a new car damaged in an accident. 2. Disallowance of certain items as capital expenditure under Section 10(2)(ix). Detailed Analysis: 1. The first issue raised in the judgment concerns the claim for a deduction under Section 10(2)(vii) of the Indian Income Tax Act for a new car that was damaged in an accident. The court disagreed with the learned Judge's decision to allow the deduction, stating that the term "obsolete" as used in the Act does not apply to a new car rendered useless due to an accident. The court emphasized that obsolete machinery refers to equipment that is out of date and inefficient, not a new car destroyed in an accident. Therefore, the deduction for the damaged new car was not permitted, overturning the decision of the lower court. 2. The second issue pertains to the disallowance of certain items as capital expenditure under Section 10(2)(ix) of the Income Tax Act. The court analyzed the nature of the items in question, including the purchase of an old car for spare parts and the renewal of various parts of cars used in the business. The Income Tax authorities relied on a Scottish case to argue that expenses for repairs and renewals could not be claimed as both current repairs and depreciation deductions. However, the court distinguished the Indian statute from the Scottish law, highlighting that the Indian Act allows for separate and cumulative deductions under different sub-sections. The court concluded that the expenses incurred for repairs and spare parts were for the purpose of earning profits and not capital expenditure, as they fell within the scope of Section 10(2)(ix). Despite acknowledging the legislative oversight in providing multiple avenues for deductions, the court held in favor of the assessee, allowing the deductions claimed, except for the first three items classified as capital expenditure. The court emphasized that the specific deductions outlined in the Act should not be extinguished by a general provision, and the appeal was allowed with costs awarded to the assessee.
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