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Issues:
- Interpretation of the Income-tax Act, 1961 regarding the allowance of security deposit as a permissible expenditure in computing income for a specific assessment year. Detailed Analysis: The case involved an application under section 256(2) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, where the Commissioner of Income-tax sought a question of law to be referred to the High Court regarding the allowance of a security deposit as a permissible expenditure in computing income. The assessee, a registered firm, derived income from selling country liquor as a licensed contractor. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) made an addition of Rs. 65,318, which was forfeited by the excise authorities as security money for the annual license fee bid by the assessee. The Appellate Authority and the Tribunal upheld this addition. The Tribunal noted that the security deposit was to be adjusted against arrears of license fee and penalties, with the balance being refundable. The Tribunal allowed the appeal, stating that the adjustment of security against arrears was a permissible expenditure, akin to paying the license fee itself. The High Court detailed the facts, including the conditions of the auction and the rules governing the license fee. The assessee fell into arrears with the license fee, leading to a notice for adjustment of the security deposit. The High Court had previously held that the license fee represented still-head duty payable by the licensee on liquor purchases, meaning no fee was due if the liquor was not purchased. Despite the security deposit being unrefunded and the assessee claiming it was forfeited, there was no evidence of an actual forfeiture order. The Tribunal found that since no criminal penalty or other breach was proven, the adjustment of security against arrears was allowable as a business expenditure. The revenue contended that the security deposit was forfeited due to a breach of license terms, making it impermissible as an expenditure. However, the Tribunal's finding was that the deposit was adjusted against arrears, not forfeited as a penalty. As no breach was established, the High Court dismissed the application, stating that no question of law arose from the Tribunal's decision. The judgment was agreed upon by both judges, leading to the dismissal of the application with costs.
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