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Issues:
1. Refund of customs duty paid in anticipation of goods not arriving at the port. 2. Application for refund beyond the statutory time limit under Section 27 of the Customs Act. 3. Interpretation of statutory provisions and case laws regarding refund of customs duty. 4. Comparison of statutory limitations for refund claims under the Customs Act and general law. 5. Jurisdiction of writ court in granting refunds beyond statutory limitations. Detailed Analysis: 1. The petitioner ordered pump spare parts from its parent company and paid customs duty in anticipation of the goods' arrival. However, a broken case with different materials arrived instead. The petitioner abandoned the case, seeking a refund of the duty paid. 2. The Customs Department contended that the petitioner's refund claim was time-barred under Section 27 of the Customs Act, requiring claims within six months from duty payment. The petitioner applied for a refund after the statutory period, leading to rejections by Customs authorities and tribunals. 3. The petitioner relied on the Supreme Court judgment in Salonah Tea Co. Ltd. case, emphasizing the right to refund when money is paid without statutory authority. The respondent cited the Collector of Central Excise case, highlighting adherence to statutory limitations for refund claims. 4. The judge noted that statutory bodies must adhere to statutory provisions for refund claims, while a writ court is not bound by such limitations. The petitioner's case involved paying duty for goods that never arrived, falling outside the Customs Act's provisions. 5. The judgment concluded that the petitioner was entitled to a refund as no import occurred, and the duty was paid in mistaken anticipation. The Customs Authorities were directed to refund the duty amount to the petitioner within four weeks, and the writ petition was disposed of accordingly.
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