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Assessment of capital gains in the hands of an individual versus a firm, interpretation of partnership deed and property ownership, applicability of Section 52 for assessment of capital gains, treatment of property as firm's asset despite legal title with individual. Detailed Analysis: The appeal before the Appellate Tribunal ITAT GAUHATI involved the assessment of capital gains arising from a land sale transaction, disputed whether it should be assessed in the hands of an individual or a firm. The assessee claimed the transaction was assessable in the firm's hands, where he was a partner. The dispute arose as the property was sold by the individual, although he claimed it was brought into the firm as capital. The assessing officer treated it as the individual's property, assessing the capital gains as short term and adding it to his total income. The AAC upheld the assessment, agreeing with the assessing officer's view. However, in the further appeal, the assessee argued that the property had been brought into the firm as capital, and the profit was considered part of the firm's income distributed among partners. The Revenue contended that since the document was executed by the individual as the sole owner, the capital gains should be assessed in his hands. Upon careful consideration, the Tribunal found in favor of the assessee. The partnership deeds indicated the property was treated as the firm's asset, despite legal title with the individual. The Tribunal highlighted that a firm is not a legal entity, and property brought into the firm is considered firm property. Referring to the Partnership Act and legal precedents, the Tribunal emphasized that property brought into a firm ceases to be the exclusive property of the individual. The conduct of the partners in treating the property as firm asset, including accounting treatment and depreciation claims, supported the assessee's claim. The Tribunal concluded that the capital gains should be assessed only in the firm's total income, not the individual's. As a result, the capital gains were directed to be deleted from the individual's total income. The Tribunal held that since the capital gains were not taxable in the individual's hands, the applicability of Section 52 and the nature of capital gains (short-term or long-term) did not need consideration in this case. Ultimately, the appeal was allowed in favor of the assessee.
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