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Issues:
1. Dispute regarding trading results and net profit estimation. 2. Dispute over the liability for payment of interest. 3. Allegation of discriminatory nature of section 139(8) and violation of Article 14 of the Indian Constitution. 4. Assessment of the assessee's claim for interest under section 214. Analysis: 1. The primary issue in this appeal pertains to the disagreement on trading results and net profit estimation. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) observed that the assessee's net profit of Rs. 32,688 on total receipts of Rs. 2,72,702 was less than 12.5%, with unverifiable expenses of Rs. 2,40,015. Consequently, the ITO estimated the net profit at 15% amounting to Rs. 36,000. The Appellate Assistant Commissioner (AAC) upheld this estimate based on the assessee's subsequent year's profit declaration. However, the appellate tribunal noted discrepancies in the ITO's assessment compared to the previous year and a similar case, advocating for a 12.5% net profit rate on total receipts of Rs. 2,72,702, rejecting the ITO's figure of Rs. 2,40,015. 2. The subsequent issue concerns the liability for interest payment. The ITO initiated penalty proceedings under section 271(1)(a) and imposed interest under section 139(8) due to the late filing of the return. The AAC supported the interest levy, contending it was justified as the return was filed after the due date. However, the tribunal disagreed, citing the compensatory nature of section 139(8). The section mandates simple interest on the tax payable post adjustments for advance tax and tax deducted at source. As the assessee was entitled to a refund after such adjustments, no interest was deemed payable, contrary to the AAC's ruling. 3. A closely related issue was raised regarding the alleged discriminatory nature of section 139(8) and its violation of Article 14 of the Indian Constitution. Despite the allegation, the tribunal did not delve into this matter extensively as the interest levy issue was resolved in favor of the assessee. The tribunal highlighted its role as an entity established by the Income Tax Act, refraining from nullifying any provisions of the Act. 4. The final contention involved the assessee's claim for interest under section 214. However, this matter was not addressed by the lower authorities as the claim was not presented to the ITO and was not explicitly raised in the appeal grounds before the AAC. Consequently, the tribunal deemed it unnecessary to deliberate on this issue since it did not stem from the preceding authorities' orders. In conclusion, the appellate tribunal partially allowed the appeal, primarily by revising the net profit estimation and ruling against the interest levy under section 139(8) due to the refund entitlement post adjustments. The tribunal abstained from adjudicating on the discriminatory aspect of the section and dismissed the unaddressed claim for interest under section 214.
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