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Issues Involved:
1. Whether the assessment is barred by limitations. Detailed Analysis: Issue 1: Whether the assessment is barred by limitations The assessee, a Limited Company, appealed against the order of the Commr. (Appeals) for the assessment year 1975-76, arguing that the assessment is barred by limitations. The Department raised a preliminary objection, asserting that the ground does not arise from the findings of the Commr. (Appeals). However, the Tribunal found that the assessee had raised this ground before the Commr. (Appeals), who had not considered it by oversight. Therefore, it was not a fresh point before the Tribunal. The assessee filed a return on 13th Jan., 1976, which was beyond the time allowed by the ITO, and a revised return on 10th Oct., 1977. The ITO passed the assessment order on 4th April, 1979. The assessee contended that the return filed on 13th Jan., 1976, was not valid under s. 139(1) since it was late and no notice under s. 139(2) was served. Thus, it could only be a return under s. 139(4), and a revised return cannot be filed under s. 139(4). Consequently, the return filed on 10th Oct., 1977, was non est, and the time limit for completing the assessment was 31st March, 1978. Since the assessment was completed on 4th April, 1979, it was barred by limitation. The assessee relied on the Delhi High Court decision in O.P. Malhotra vs. CIT (1981) 129 ITR 379 (Del), while the Department relied on the Calcutta High Court decision in Zulekha Begum (Khatoon), Mrs. (1981) 129 ITR 560 (Cal). The Tribunal noted that two High Court decisions supported the parties' stands and concluded that the assessee's contention must be rejected. The return filed on 10th Oct., 1977, was valid and not non est. The Tribunal referred to the reasoning of the Calcutta High Court and found the Delhi High Court decision inapplicable to the case at hand, as it dealt with a return filed beyond the normal period of limitation. The Tribunal emphasized that the scheme of the Act envisages only two types of returns: a voluntary return under s. 139(1) or a return in response to a notice under s. 139(2). Sec. 139(4) is an enabling provision allowing the assessee to make up for omissions. Returns filed under s. 139(4) are not a separate species of return but are referable to returns under s. 139(1) or (2). This interpretation was supported by various High Court decisions, including those from Gujarat, Orissa, Allahabad, Madhya Pradesh, and Bombay. The Tribunal noted that the assessee had not objected to the ITO's proceedings based on the validity of the return filed on 10th Oct., 1977. Enquiries were made on that basis, and the ITO was not informed that the return was invalid. The Tribunal referred to the Delhi High Court decision in Smt. B.S. Gurudarshan Kaur vs. CIT (1964) 51 ITR 1 (Del), which stated that when a return has been accepted and entertained, no objection can be raised later on its validity. The Tribunal dismissed the additional submissions by the Department regarding the extended time limit under s. 153 (1) (b) due to prima facie satisfaction of income concealment. The Tribunal also dismissed the assessee's reliance on certain CBDT instructions, stating that these instructions did not provide any relief not available under the statute. In conclusion, the Tribunal dismissed the assessee's appeal, upholding that the assessment was not barred by limitations.
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