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Issues:
1. Whether an Exemption Order issued after the importation of goods and payment of duty thereon is valid for granting a refund. 2. Whether the principles of natural justice were violated in the appeal process. Detailed Analysis: 1. The case involved a Public Sector Undertaking that imported an ore sorter and later received an Exemption Order from the Government of India, granting exemption from customs duty, auxiliary duty, and additional duty. The issue arose when the appellants sought a refund based on this Exemption Order, but the Assistant Collector of Customs rejected the refund application, stating that the exemption applied only to subsequent importations and not retroactively. The Collector of Customs (Appeals) also rejected the appeal, leading to the present appeal before the Tribunal. 2. The appellants argued that the Exemption Order could be granted even after the levy but before the recovery of the amount, citing relevant case law. They contended that the Exemption Order should be considered valid for goods already imported. The Tribunal examined various judgments, including one from the Delhi High Court, which emphasized that orders under Section 25(2) of the Customs Act are special orders passed in each case and do not have retrospective effects. The Tribunal also referred to a Madras High Court judgment that upheld the power of the Central Government to grant exemptions and refunds even after customs duty had been collected. 3. The Tribunal further considered the argument regarding violation of principles of natural justice, as the appellants were not granted a personal hearing by the Collector of Customs (Appeals). However, the Tribunal decided not to remand the matter for de novo consideration due to the overwhelming case law supporting the appellants' position. The Tribunal concluded that the Exemption Order should be applied, and the duty should be refunded, based on the consistent legal precedent that the Central Government can issue ad hoc Exemption Orders even after importation and payment of duty. 4. In summary, the Tribunal allowed the appeal, emphasizing that the Exemption Order, though issued post-importation and payment of duty, should be upheld for granting the refund. The Tribunal rejected the arguments against the validity of the Exemption Order and the refund, based on the prevailing legal interpretations and judgments cited in support of the appellants' position. The decision highlighted the authority of the Central Government to issue exemptions and refunds under Section 25(2) of the Customs Act, irrespective of the timing of importation and duty payment.
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