Article 27 - Exchange of information - Malta (Old - Effective upto 1-4-2015)

Article 27 - Exchange of information - 1. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall exchange such information as is necessary for carrying out the provisions of this Agreement or of the domestic laws of the Contracting States concerning taxes covered by the Agreement insofar as the taxation thereunder is not contrary to the Agreement in particular for the prevention of fraud or evasion of such taxes. Any information received by a ContractingState shall be treated as secret in the same manner as information obtained under the domestic laws of that State. However, if the information is originally regarded as secret in the transmitting State, it shall be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including courts and administrative bodies) involved in the assessment or collection of, the enforcement or prosecution in respect of, or the determination of appeals in relation to, the taxes which are the subject of the Agreement. Such persons or authorities shall use the information only for such purposes but may disclose the information in public court proceedings or in judicial decisions. The competent authorities shall, through consultation, develop appropriate conditions, methods and techniques concerning the matters in respect of which such exchange of information shall be made, including where appropriate, exchange of information regarding tax avoidance. 2. In no case shall provisions of paragraph (1) be construed so as to impose on a Contracting State the obligation : (a) to carry out administrative measures at variance with the laws and administrative practice of that or of the other Contracting State ; (b) to supply information which is not obtainable under the laws or in the normal course of the administration of that or of the other Contracting State ; and (c) to supply information which would disclose any trade, business, industrial, commercial or professional secret or trade process, or information, the disclosure of which would be contrary to public policy (order public).