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Issues Involved:
1. Addition of Rs. 116,79,98,000 on account of interest and litigation costs. 2. Addition of Rs. 24,43,49,000 on account of the valuation of closing stock. 3. Disallowance of Rs. 40,43,000 on account of writing off loose tools. Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Addition of Rs. 116,79,98,000 on account of interest and litigation costs: The key issue was whether the interest and litigation costs accrued to the assessee in the relevant assessment year. The assessee argued that the arbitration award had not become final due to ongoing litigation, and thus, no income had accrued. The Assessing Officer (AO) and Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) (CIT(A)) held the view that since the Dutch High Court had rejected M/s. Karsan's appeal on January 22, 2004, the right to receive the income had crystallized in that year. However, the Tribunal found that the litigation continued until December 14, 2006, and the award had not become enforceable as it was not made a rule of the court. Citing the Delhi High Court's decision in Fuerst Day Lawson Ltd. v. Jindal Exports Ltd., it was concluded that the foreign award did not become enforceable until it was recognized by a competent court. Thus, the Tribunal held that no enforceable right had vested in the assessee in the relevant year, and the addition was deleted. 2. Addition of Rs. 24,43,49,000 on account of the valuation of closing stock: The issue revolved around the valuation method of the closing stock of urea. The assessee had valued the stock at Import Parity Price (IPP) instead of the cost price, following a revised policy by the Government. The AO and CIT(A) contended that the change in valuation was contingent upon several factors, including prior approval from the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, which was not obtained. The Tribunal, however, noted that the assessee had valued the stock based on Government guidelines and expected subsidy. Since the cost price was significantly higher than the sale price, the Tribunal found the valuation method used by the assessee to be reasonable and allowed the appeal, deleting the addition. 3. Disallowance of Rs. 40,43,000 on account of writing off loose tools: The assessee changed its accounting policy from writing off loose tools over three years to one year, citing compliance with Accounting Standards (AS-2). The AO and CIT(A) disagreed, stating that loose tools should be treated as fixed assets and depreciated accordingly. The Tribunal upheld the CIT(A)'s view, noting that AS-2 applies to inventories held for resale, while AS-10 applies to fixed assets. Since loose tools are used in connection with fixed assets, they should be written off over their useful life. The Tribunal found no justification for the change in accounting policy and confirmed the disallowance. Conclusion: The Tribunal's judgment resulted in a partial victory for the assessee. The addition of Rs. 116,79,98,000 on account of interest and litigation costs was deleted, and the addition of Rs. 24,43,49,000 on account of the valuation of closing stock was also deleted. However, the disallowance of Rs. 40,43,000 on account of writing off loose tools was upheld. The appeal was partly allowed.
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